翻译技巧指导
叠词(reduplicated word)是汉语的一种特殊词汇现象。汉语的很多词类都有重叠变化。汉语词汇重叠后,词义大都发生变化。除了具备信息功能外,有时还具备表情功能与美感功能,使语言生动活泼,更富有感染力。。翻译成英语时可以借助every、all、each等词语,或用同一个词连续反复方法,用复数形式,用have(or make,take,give,etc.)+名词的结构,或用英语的回声词(echo-Word)翻译汉语的叠词。
例句分析:
例1.这些战士个个都很漂亮。
译文:Each and every one of these soldiers has proved his mettle.
例2.件件衣服都很漂亮。
译文:All of these suits of clothes are beautiful.
以上译文借用了every、all等词表达汉语叠词的含义。
例3.一天一天,一年一年,他们顽强的生活和战斗在荒山野岭里。
译文:Day after day and year after year, they fought and lived stubbornly in the wild mountains and forests.
例4.:洪水慢慢的退了。
译文:Little by little the flood water receded.
以上译文通过重复英语单词来翻译汉语叠词。重复的英语单词可以是名词、副词或动词。
例5.学生们三三两两的坐在教室里。
译文:The students sit on their seats in the classroom by twos and threes.
例6.一群一群的人蜂拥而进大厅。
译文:Crowds of people swarmed into the hall.
例5和例6的译文是通过名词的复数形式来翻译汉语叠词的。
例7.这东西需要检查检查。
译文:It’s necessary to have a check-up.
例8.他很听话,我们的话句句听。
译文:He was very obedient and always did as we told him.
例7通过”have、take+名词“结构翻译汉语叠词。而例8的译文弱化了汉语叠词,没有用一定的英语结构,只是把汉语叠词的意义表达清楚即可。
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